Linux USB - Revision history

Pio2pio: /* Copy image to USB */

2022-04-19T06:51:42Z

Copy image to USB

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:51, 19 April 2022
Line 35:		Line 35:

	== Copy image to USB ==		== Copy image to USB ==
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dd_%28Unix%29 DD] can copy a whole image to the desired device but only a hybrid ISOs image will boot.		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dd_%28Unix%29 DD] can copy a whole image to the desired device but only a hybrid ISOs image will boot.
	sudo umount /dev/~~'''~~sdb~~'''~~		<source lang=bash>
	sudo dd if=image.iso of=/dev/~~'''~~sdb~~'''~~ #output file of= needs pointing to USB drive not a partition (eg .sdb1)		# Option 1
	sync #forces changed blocks to disk, updates the super block and flushes file system buffers		sudo umount /dev/sdb
			sudo dd if=image.iso of=/dev/sdb # output file of= needs pointing to USB drive not a partition (eg .sdb1)
			sync # forces changed blocks to disk, updates the super block and flushes file system buffers

			# Option 2 (Update April 2022, Ubuntu 20.04)
			## Detect your usb device device
			mount \| grep media
			/dev/sda1 on /media/piotr/U16_04_2LTS type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro,uhelper=udisks2)

			IMAGE=/home/piotr/Downloads/r16uj17wd.iso
			DEVICE=sda1

			sudo dd bs=4M if=$IMAGE of=/dev/$DEVICE status=progress oflag=sync
			41943040 bytes (42 MB, 40 MiB) copied, 4 s, 9.5 MB/s
			10+1 records in
			10+1 records out
			43364352 bytes (43 MB, 41 MiB) copied, 4.54232 s, 9.5 MB/s
			</source>

	== Convert .iso to hybrid image ==		== Convert .iso to hybrid image ==

Pio2pio: /* Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux */

2014-06-29T19:33:42Z

Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:33, 29 June 2014
Line 66:		Line 66:
	parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary fat32 0 2000MB		parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary fat32 0 2000MB
	parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on		parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on
			parted /dev/sdb print #show partitions
	<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 2. [[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 2. [[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop
	sudo umount /dev/sdb1		sudo umount /dev/sdb1

Pio2pio: /* Resources */

2014-06-29T19:31:56Z

Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:31, 29 June 2014
Line 119:		Line 119:
	*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki		*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki
	*[http://www.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page FreeDOS] wiki		*[http://www.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page FreeDOS] wiki
			*[http://chtaube.eu/computers/freedos/bootable-usb/image-generation-howto/ FreeDOS bootable image generation HOWTO] Using dd to provision 40MB image file, then loop mount and amend.

Pio2pio: /* Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux */

2014-06-29T19:28:04Z

Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:28, 29 June 2014
Line 62:		Line 62:
	*2 bytes - Signature		*2 bytes - Signature

	Partition USB drive using <tt>parted</tt>. The fdisk, cfdisk will not work as they are known for creating a not valid MBR record.		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 1. Partition USB drive using <tt>parted</tt>. The fdisk, cfdisk will not work as they are known for creating a not valid MBR record.
	parted /dev/sdb mklabel msdos		parted /dev/sdb mklabel msdos
	parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary fat32 0 2000MB		parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary fat32 0 2000MB
	parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on		parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on
	[[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 2. [[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop
	sudo umount /dev/sdb1		sudo umount /dev/sdb1
	sudo mkfs.msdos -F 32 -n FREEDOS /dev/'''sdb1''' #creates fat32 filesystem where USB stick partition is /dev/sda1		sudo mkfs.msdos -F 32 -n FREEDOS /dev/'''sdb1''' #creates fat32 filesystem where USB stick partition is /dev/sda1
	Install syslinux bootloader and make USB flash bootable		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 3. Install syslinux bootloader and make USB flash bootable
	sudo syslinux -i /dev/sdb1 #overwrites previous bootloader GRUB like		sudo syslinux -i /dev/sdb1 #overwrites previous bootloader GRUB like
	Download [http://www.freedos.org/download/ FreeDOS]		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 4. Download [http://www.freedos.org/download/ FreeDOS]
	wget http://www.freedos.org/download/download/fd11src.iso #FreeDOS 1.1 Base CD+several useful utilities, 40MB		wget http://www.freedos.org/download/download/fd11src.iso #FreeDOS 1.1 Base CD+several useful utilities, 40MB
	Mount FreeDOS image and copy boot files to USB stick		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 5. Mount FreeDOS image and copy boot files to USB stick
	sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usbdrive #mount USB stick		sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usbdrive #mount USB stick
	sudo mkdir /mnt/usbdrive/{fdos,img} #create fdos (FreeDOS binaries) and img (other images eg. memtest) directory on USB		sudo mkdir /mnt/usbdrive/{fdos,img} #create fdos (FreeDOS binaries) and img (other images eg. memtest) directory on USB
Line 89:		Line 89:
	sudo cp fdos/autoexec.txt ./autoexec.bat #create autoexec.bat using preconfigured autoexec.txt		sudo cp fdos/autoexec.txt ./autoexec.bat #create autoexec.bat using preconfigured autoexec.txt
	sudo cp fdos/config.txt ./config.sys #create config.sys using preconfigured config.txt		sudo cp fdos/config.txt ./config.sys #create config.sys using preconfigured config.txt
	Place syslinux.cfg to root USB directory. Paste the below to your favourite text editor and save as syslinux.cfg		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 6. Place syslinux.cfg to root USB directory. Paste the below to your favourite text editor and save as syslinux.cfg
	sudo vi /mnt/usbdrive/syslinux.cfg		sudo vi /mnt/usbdrive/syslinux.cfg
	default fdos		default fdos
Line 107:		Line 107:
	menu label memtest - Load Memtest86+ 4.20		menu label memtest - Load Memtest86+ 4.20
	linux /img/memtest.bin		linux /img/memtest.bin
	Unmount USB drive		<nowiki>###</nowiki> Step 7. Unmount USB drive. Your bootable USB FreeDOS flash drive is ready.
	cd ~		cd ~
	sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive		sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive

			<nowiki>###</nowiki> Troubleshooting
	;umount /mnt/usbdrive device is busy		;umount /mnt/usbdrive device is busy
	fuser -u /mnt/usbdrive/ #displays who is currently using /mnt/usbdrive, useful when drive is busy to unmount		fuser -u /mnt/usbdrive/ #displays who is currently using /mnt/usbdrive, useful when drive is busy to unmount

Pio2pio: /* Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux */

2014-06-29T19:17:14Z

Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:17, 29 June 2014
Line 54:		Line 54:

	= Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux =		= Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux =

	~~...WIP......~~

	This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.		This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.

Pio2pio: /* Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux */

2014-06-29T19:16:28Z

Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:16, 29 June 2014
Line 59:		Line 59:
	This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.		This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.

	Partition USB ~~flash~~ using fdisk		Understanding MBR size is 446 + 64 + 2 = 512 bytes, where
	~~sudo fdisk~~ /dev/sdb		*446 bytes - Bootstrap
	~~d -delete current partions~~		*64 bytes - Partition table
	~~n - create a partition, use defaults~~		*2 bytes - Signature
	~~p -~~ primary (0 ~~primary, 0 extended, 4 free) with all defaults by pressing enter~~
	~~a -~~ set ~~bootbale flag~~ on ~~partition 1~~		Partition USB drive using <tt>parted</tt>. The fdisk, cfdisk will not work as they are known for creating a not valid MBR record.
	~~t - select type~~		parted /dev/sdb mklabel msdos
	~~c - fat32, (W95 FAT32 (LBA)~~		parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary fat32 0 2000MB
	~~w - write changes~~		parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on
	[[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop		[[Create_filesystem_on_USB_stick]] - you may need to re plug in your USB flash to a laptop
	sudo umount /dev/sdb1		sudo umount /dev/sdb1
Line 91:		Line 91:
	sudo cp fdos/autoexec.txt ./autoexec.bat #create autoexec.bat using preconfigured autoexec.txt		sudo cp fdos/autoexec.txt ./autoexec.bat #create autoexec.bat using preconfigured autoexec.txt
	sudo cp fdos/config.txt ./config.sys #create config.sys using preconfigured config.txt		sudo cp fdos/config.txt ./config.sys #create config.sys using preconfigured config.txt
			Place syslinux.cfg to root USB directory. Paste the below to your favourite text editor and save as syslinux.cfg
			sudo vi /mnt/usbdrive/syslinux.cfg
			default fdos
			prompt 1
			timeout 200
			say Press ENTER to boot FreeDOS, or choose from these alternatives:
			say ---------------------------------------------------------------
			say : fdos :: FreeDOS 1.1
			say : memtest :: Run Memtest86+ 4.20 ..you need to upload the image
			say ---------------------------------------------------------------
			say Example: To boot Memtest86+, type "memtest" and hit Enter
			label fdos
			menu label fdos - Load FreeDOS 1.1 from USB flash drive
			com32 /fdos/bin/chain.c32
			append freedos=/fdos/bin/kernel.sys
			label memtest
			menu label memtest - Load Memtest86+ 4.20
			linux /img/memtest.bin
			Unmount USB drive
	cd ~		cd ~
	sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive		sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive

Pio2pio: /* Set bootable flag on USB drive */

2014-06-29T15:00:56Z

Set bootable flag on USB drive

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 29 June 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= Set bootable flag on USB drive =		= Set bootable flag on USB drive =
	First you need to partition your USB drive using <~~code~~>fdisk</~~code~~> then set a bootable flag:		First you need to create the correct partition on your USB drive using <tt>fdisk</tt> or modern <tt>cfdisk</tt> then set a bootable flag:
	$ '''sudo fdisk /dev/sdb''' #/dev device needs to be a hard drive(sdb) not a partition(sdb1)		$ '''sudo fdisk /dev/sdb''' #/dev device needs to be a hard drive(sdb) not a partition(sdb1)
	Command (m for help): <span style="color: red">a</span>		Command (m for help): <span style="color: red">a</span>

Pio2pio: /* Resources */

2014-06-29T14:16:08Z

Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:16, 29 June 2014
Line 100:		Line 100:
	= Resources =		= Resources =
	*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki		*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki
	*[http://www.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page] ~~FreeDOS~~ wiki		*[http://www.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page FreeDOS] wiki

Pio2pio: /* Resources */

2014-06-29T14:15:47Z

Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:15, 29 June 2014
Line 100:		Line 100:
	= Resources =		= Resources =
	*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki		*[http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/Isohybrid Isohybrid] Wiki
			*[http://www.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page] FreeDOS wiki

Pio2pio: /* Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux */

2014-06-29T14:10:03Z

Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:10, 29 June 2014
Line 54:		Line 54:

	= Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux =		= Create FreeDOS bootable USB from Linux =

			...WIP......

	This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.		This is often required for a server BIOS updates when the patch comes in DOS/Windows format. The following tutorial in essence brings all the above together therefore it will be valuable for you to read a whole article. Let's start.

Line 91:		Line 94:
	sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive		sudo umount /mnt/usbdrive

	;umount: /mnt/usbdrive: device is busy		;umount /mnt/usbdrive device is busy
	fuser -u /mnt/usbdrive/ #displays who is currently using /mnt/usbdrive, useful when drive is busy to unmount		fuser -u /mnt/usbdrive/ #displays who is currently using /mnt/usbdrive, useful when drive is busy to unmount
	/mnt/usbdrive: 16029c(piotr)		/mnt/usbdrive: 16029c(piotr)